Lock.



B, J. COHON & L. MOSKOWITZ.

LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED JAN- 27,1916.

1,1 86,17 1'. Patented June 6, 1916.

WITNESS INVENTORS. B mama-(Gwen.

Louis Mos/(owing.

A TTORNEV.

THE COLUMBXA PLAQOGMPH co., WASHINGTON. D. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

BENJAMIN J. COHON, OF BAYONNE, AND LOUIS MOSKOWITZ, .OF WESTWOOD, NEWJERSEY.

LOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 6, 1916.

Application filed January 27, 1916. Serial No. 74,631.

To all whom it may concern: 7

Be it known that we, BENJAMIN J. CoHoN and LOUIS Mosxowirz, citizens ofthe United States, and residents of Bayonne, in the county of Hudson andState of New Jersey, and Vestwood, in the county of Bergen and State ofNew Jersey, respectively, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Locks, of which the following is a specification.

lVe have invented an improved lock having for its object to provide aconstruction by which a door or the like can be secured in a way thatwill entirely obviate all possibility of the lock being successfullymanipulated by unauthorized persons seeking an ecu-- trance. This andother objects and advantages of our invention will appear from thefollowing description, taken in connection with the accompanyingdrawings; and be precisely pointed out in the appended claims. But thedisclosure herein'is illustrative only and the principle of ourinvention may be embodied in devices other than the one shown; asindicated by difierences in the modes by which the characteristics ofour improvement, as stated in the several claims, are expressed.

On the drawings: Figure 1 is a front view of a lock made according toour invention as it will look when opened; Fig. 2 is a similar viewshowing the parts in operative position; Fig. 3 is a section on line 3-3of Fig. 2; and Fig. 4 is a View of a detail.

The same numerals of reference indicate the same parts throughout.

e show at 1 a support or casing for the mechanism of the lock; andthrough the side of the casing projects an operating element,

. will be explained at length hereinafter.

Inside the casing are two elements preferably in the shape ofrectangular frames 5 and 6, having relatively large central openings,the former acting as a carrier for the latter. This carrier is supportedby suitable 'tral opening of the carrier.

a cam 8 on the shaft 2, received in the cen- This cam is designed toengage opposite inner edges of the carrier and impart to it a movementof translation toward and from an opening 9 in the end of the casing 1.The other frame 6 is provided with projections 10 entering slots '11 inthe carrier 5, extending transversely of its line of movement. Hence theframe 6, while movable in unison with the carrier 5 is also movable withrespect thereto. To efiect movement of the frame 6 translationallyacross the carrier we employ revoluble means, such as a second cam 12 onthe shaft and mounted to engage opposite inner edges of the frame 6.This cam 12 is door or window the frame 6 will move up and down on thecarrier 5.

The frame 6 will bear a locking projection 13, about as wide as thelength of the opening 9 and extending beyond the lower edge of the frame6. This projection 13 is adapted to pass freely through the opening 9,and engage with a similar opening 14 in a plate 15 on the jamb 16 of thedoor frame. The frame 6 and its projection thus constitute a latch bolt,and this latch bolt with its projection will always extend beyond theforward end of the carrier 5.

In practice the casing 1 with the mechanism it bears will be fixed to adoor 17 indicated by broken lines in Figs. 1 and 2, and the casing willbe either on the side of the door, as shown, or in a pocket or recess ofthe door; and when the projection 13 is withdrawn, the carrier 5 withtheframe 6 will be as far back, and the frame 6 as far up on'the carrier,as they will go. Under these circumstances the projection 13 will haveits advanced edge in the opening 9, and will about fill the same. Whenthe door is closed, the casing 1 will be in line with the plate 15 andopenings 9 and 1% will register. Hence by turning the knob at the frames5 and 6 will first be operated in unison to move the projection 13through the opening 9 into position to project from the casing and enterthe opening let till it clears the lower edge of the latter. Up to thispoint the cam. 8 alone takes effect. Then the cam 12 engages the frame6, depressing it and dropping the projection 18 behind the lower edge ofthe opening in the plate 15, and it will be seen that only the latchbolt sticks out of the casing; while the carrier 5 is always inside. Thedoor is now fastened securely.

lVe also provide a round opening 18 in the inner end of the shaft 2, toreceive the operating shank of any suitable mechanism, indicated at 19in Fig. 3, adapted to be turned by a key, to revolve the shaft 2 bymeans of elements described below. This mechanism 19 may be an ordinarytumbler construction and it will be secured to the door on the sidewhich is presented to the exterior of the building, room or apartmentwhich is to be closed. Our improved lock will be on the opposite orinner side. ence the door can be opened by a key from without or by theknob from within.

The merit of our construction resides in the fact that the lock cannotbe picked or the door worked by prying a tool between the casing 1 andthe plate 14;. It will be apparent from the foregoing that theprojection 13 will hold the door shut as soon as it enters the plate 15and when it drops behind the lower edge of the opening 14, thedisengagement of the projection, except by using the knob or a key isimpossible, unless sufficient force to shatter the door or casing isexerted. Further, the bearing 3 will prevent the withdrawal of theprojection 13 by any one boring through the door beside the casing, andtrying to engage the shaft mechanically to turn it; as this bearingcovers and protects the shaft and renders such a proceeding entirelyfutile.

If desired, the side of the casing opposite that carrying the bearing 3,may be made removable to afford access to the mechanism when the casingis detached from the door.

' lVe also employ a spring 20, engaged by a stud 21 in the casing topress on the inner end of the shaft and maintain the projeetion 13positively in either operative or inoperative position. A cross arm 22on the shaft, having curved ends, will facilitate such a result byengaging the outer end of the spring 20. hen the parts are as shown inFig. 1, the spring presses on the cross arm throughout its length, as itis then horizontal, and prevents any movement of the parts that might becaused by jarring. vibration, etc., ofthe door or building. Also, whenthe parts are as shown in Fig. 2, with the latch bolt fully shot theshaft will have been turned through half a circle, and the spring willagain press down over the whole length of the arm 22. For theintermediate position, the arm 22 will be vertical, and one of therounded ends of the same will be received in a rounded recess producedby bending the spring. Hence the spring will hold. the projection 13when it is partly shot after it enters the opening 14:, but before it isdropped behind the lower edge thereof; or after it is raised to clearthe lower edge of the opening lat, but before complete with drawal.

From the above description it will be appreciated that the mechanism ofour lock enables us to move the locking element positively both when itis caused to project from the casing and depressed to get the projection13 behind the striker plate; and when it is withdrawn from the strikerplate and back into the casing. We also get the holding effect of thecams 8 and 12, acting as above stated to dog the carrier and latch boltwhen the latter is fully shot, and pre vent the complete or partialwithdrawal of the bolt except by turning back the shaft 2 by the knob orkey. It is, of course, to be understood that our lock may be used, notonly on doors, but also on windows and in facton any kind ofconstruction by which an opening is to be closed up securely.

By inspecting Fig. 2 closely the observer will see that the position ofthe cam 12, when the projection 13 is moved through the openings 9 and1a and dropped, is such that the frame 6 with the projection 13 cannotbe raised so as to make the projection clear the lower edge of theopening 14; by any degree of force whatever. This is because the lowestpoint of the cam in contact with an inner edge of the frame 6 isdirectly below the axis of the shaft 2, and any upward push on the framewill be from this point toward the center of the shaft, which willafford no turning couple; and movement of the frame and rotation of theshaft by means of a tool from below simply cannot be obtained. At thesame time the cam 8 abuts squarely against the forward inner edge of thecarrier 5, and any force applied to bring about the rearward movement ofthe carrier by an instrument from without will necessarily be exertedfrom the point of contact from the cam S and carrier 5 directly throughthe shaft 2. Consequently the carrier and the latch bolt cannot bepushed back by a tool, any more than the frame 6 can be pushed up. Ourlock then can onlv be unfastened by the intermediation of the shaft 2,reverselv actuating the cams. It will also be seen that the knob 4 hasno boss or projection on the face it presents to the casing 1; but onthe contrary this face is as fiat as possible. The knob is of courserigid with the shaft, as by making it integral therewith, or by givingit a recess which enables it to be fitted on and secured to the end ofthe shaft 2. Hence the bearing 3 can eX- tend out from the casingsubstantially all the way to the knob a, against which it may even abut,if desired. The whole length of the shaft outside the casing is thuscovered and access to it prevented, as stated in the foregoing part ofthis description; and this feature is what makes the turning of theshaft impossible by any one boring through the door beside the casingand trying to engage the shaft from the inside in some way other than bygetting hold of the knob and manipulating it.

In order to enable the lock 19, which may be a cylinder or other tumblerlock, to actuate the mechanism of our lock we perforate the side of thecasing opposite the hearing 8, and mount loosely in the aperture so madea bushing or nipple 23, having an oblong opening 24; and studs 25 on itsinner face. These studs will engage similar studs 25 on the face of thecam 12. A tongue 26 which is part of the lock 19 will project therefromthrough the opening 2% into the round bore 18. When the knob 4 is turnedthe shaft can revolve to operate the frames without engaging the tongue26 or nipple 24; whether our lock is tobe fastened or opened. But whenour lock is to be operated by a key, the latter will cause the tongue 26to turn the nipple and the studs 25 thereon to engage with the studs 25on the cam 12 to actuate the projection 13.

The carrier acts as a means for movably mounting the bolt, and the twocams 8 and 12 may be regarded as a single or unitary means comprisingthe cams for effecting the desired translational movement of the bolt 6.It will also be appreciated that the fiat face on the knob elshouldpreferably begin at the shaft 2 and extend outward therefrom, and thatthere should be no central boss on the knob to receive the shaft; ifaccess to the shaft between the casing and the knob is to be preventedin the most efficient manner. Generally speaking the result desired maybe obtained by any form of knob which has its portions most remote fromthe shaft radially thereof, spaced from the casing substantially nofarther than the outer end of the bearing 3, though such portions mayextend closer to the casing than the outer end of the bearing ifdesired. Further, it will be noted that the bolt 6 always extends beyondthe front end of the carrier. This structural relation is preferable andmakes the lock simpler to construct and operate; though it is onlynecessary that the bolt project past the forward edge of the carrierwhen the latter has moved the catch through the opening 14. The frame 6will always lie fiat against. the carrier and if necessary suitablespacing lugs will be placed on the in side of the casing to hold it inthis position.

Having described our invention, what we claim as new and desire tosecure and protect by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. The combination of a carrier, a latch bolt movably mounted thereon,and means for moving the carrier and latch bolt in unison, and forsubsequently moving the latch bolt with respect to the carrier intoengaging position, the bolt in such position projecting beyond the frontend of the carrier.

2. The combination of a carrier, a latch bolt movably mounted thereon,and means for moving the carrier and latch bolt in unison, and forsubsequently moving the latch bolt with respect to the carrier intoengaging position, the bolt in such position projecting beyond the frontend of the carrier, said means preventing the return of the latch boltfrom such position except by the instrumentality of said means.

8. The combination of a carrier, a latch bolt movably mounted thereon,means for moving the carrier with the latch bolt and for preventing thereturn of the carrier except by the instrumentality of said means, andadditional means for moving the bolt with respect to the carrier intoengaging position.

4:. The combination of a carrier, a latch bolt movably mounted thereon,and means for moving the bolt and carrier in unison, and the bolt withrespect to the carrier, the bolt then projecting beyond the front end ofthe carrier, said means acting to prevent reverse movement of the boltwith respect to the carrier, and reverse movement of the carrier andbolt together, except by the instrumentality of said means.

5. The combination of a frame having a central opening and a lockingprojection, a second frame having a centralopening and serving as acarrier for the first frame, a shaft and a pair of spaced-apart camsthereon, one of which engages the frame serving as the carrier, and theother of which subsequently engages the other frame bearing theprojection, for the purpose set forth.

6. The combination of a locking mechanism, a shaft for operating thesame and eX- tending therefrom, a knob rigid with the shaft and spacedfrom said mechanism, and means extending from said mechanismsubstantially up to the knob for protectingand preventing access to theshaft'between the knob and the mechanism, said knob being shaped so thatportions thereof radially most remote from the shaft are located atsubstantially no greater distance from the mechanism than the end ofsaid means adjacent said knob, whereby the shaft cannot be of whichsubsequently engages the inside ofthe other frame bearing theprojection, both to actuate said frames and to prevent the returnthereof except by the reverse movement of said cams.

8. The combination of an element having a locking projection, a carrierfor said ele ment, means for actuating the carrier to move the carrierand the element in unison, means for subsequently giving translationalmovement to the element, and means for operating both of said means.

9. The combination of a locking mechanism, a shaft for operating thesame, a knob on the shaft presenting a substantially flat face to saidmechanism, said face eX- tending from the shaft outward and constitutingsubstantially the whole surface of the knob on the side toward saidmechanism, and a fixed bearing extending from 30 said mechanismsubstantially up to said face for covering and protecting the shaft andpreventing access thereto between the knob and said mechanism.

10.. The combination of an element having a locking projection, meansfor movably mounting said element, revoluble means for impelling saidelement translationally in one direction, revoluble means for impellingsaid element translationally in another direction, and. means foroperating said revoluble means forward and reversely to move saidelement into locking position and to withdraw the same.

Signed at New York in the county of New 1 BENJAMIN J. COHON. LOUISMOSKOVVITZ.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Eatents.

Washington, D. C.

